SATAN'S DEVICES.
"We are not ignorant of his devices."-- 2 Cor. 2:11.
When we mention Satan's snares for the "feet" of the Christ, we of course do not refer to literal snares, but to doctrinal ones; nor to the literal feet of our Lord, but to his symbolic feet--the last living members of the elect church not yet glorified. Nor will any expect to see Satan personally preaching or publishing deceiving errors: on the contrary, Satan's devices and snares are operated by men; and as far as he can manage it so, by moral men, or such as have, or have had, some character or standing in connection with the cause of Christ. And indeed some who are his active servants are totally unaware of the fact, and are themselves deceived by his devices, as the Apostle suggests. (2 Tim. 3:13.) Nevertheless, his servants you are to whom you render service. (Rom. 6:16.) As an illustration of those who betray the truth from bad, selfish motives, consider Judas, who betrayed the Lord for thirty pieces of silver. Woe unto that man and all like him: it had been better for such never to have been born; for such a life proves a miserable failure.
As illustrations of those who served Satan ignorantly, consider Peter and Paul. Peter became Satan's agent and mouthpiece unwittingly when, neglecting to be humble and to remember that he was to be taught of the Lord and not to attempt to be his instructor, he began to try to persuade the Lord not to yield himself as the sin-offering. (Matt. 16:23.) And our Lord's answer shows that he regarded Peter for the moment as the unintentional servant of Satan, whose bad counsel, if followed, would have been a violation of his covenant. Paul, too, was a child of God, a Pharisee of the strictest sect, jealous for God's law and devoted to its service at the very time that he was actually in Satan's service and opposing God's plan by persecuting the church of Christ. He was blinded by false religious teaching and thus got into Satan's service; and yet, as he tells us, at that very time when he was so actively serving Satan, he verily thought that he was serving God. In both of these instances (and we believe it will be so in every instance where the motives are right and only the head at fault), the Lord had mercy upon them because they did Satan's work ignorantly; and as an evidence and means of mercy he rebuked them sharply and painfully. Had they not been honest, humble men they would not have received the Lord's rebukes as they did, but would have endeavored somehow to justify themselves and their fellows and would ultimately have gotten farther and farther away into error instead of becoming, as they thereafter did, the mightiest of his servants. Therefore, as the Apostle exhorts, if any find himself in error, instead of attempting to justify it and prove it right, let him remember the Apostle's words: "Humble yourselves under the mighty hand of God, that he may exalt you in due time."--1 Pet. 5:6.
We have given this sketch of what it is to be a servant of Satan, in order that we may not be misunderstood when referring to Satan's devices now, in our day. We do not attempt to say which of those whom Satan is now using are used ignorantly, like Peter and Paul, nor which may be entering heartily into the work of seducing the body of Christ with a kiss of feigned love into the power and service of the enemy. God alone knoweth the heart; and the Lord, not we, must judge of the motives prompting the action. Nor can we determine the measure of guilt and the punishment due for it in individual cases; but it is the duty of each one of God's children to judge for himself according to God's Word as to what is truth and what is error; and it is the duty of each to the extent of his ability to help others to see the truth, discern the error and stand firmly upon the Word of God and not be removed by the traditions and [R1218 : page 3] theories of men, which, as snares, on every hand, the enemy is causing to be spread for the "feet" of Christ. Satan must be regarded as the real foe, the real instigator of the errors, no matter who is his willing or ignorant agent.
One of these devices or snares, and one which at first sight certainly appears to be harmless and even benevolent, yet which leads into error, is the theory that God has foreordained the
EVERLASTING SALVATION OF ALL.
This has at first a charming sound to those whose minds are just liberated from the narrow views of "Orthodoxy." The impulse of all is to say, "Praise God for all his gracious plan." If he has declared in his Word that all men shall be everlastingly saved, who could desire to have it otherwise? So say we all. We want to know, however, that it is God's Word and plan that we are building on, and not merely the generous impulses of our own hearts.
Believing a thing or disbelieving it will not affect the facts, and we want something more than fancy as a basis for faith. We have learned, too, or should have done so, if we are Christians of development and experience, that our ways and thoughts are not always God's ways and thoughts; and therefore we need to submit our ideas of justice and wisdom to God's ideas, as expressed in his Word.
Well, let us see what God says on this subject. And let us remember that God speaks to us of the principles of righteousness by his own conduct, as well as by the word of his inspired servants in the Bible.
But before examining what the Lord has to say on the subject, let each ask himself, "Am I perfectly willing to look at the matter just as the Lord presents it?" If his Word shows that all will be saved everlastingly would we accept it gladly and teach it? Or would we combat it and endeavor to twist the words of inspiration to the contrary. And, on the other hand, if his Word shows that all will not be saved everlastingly, what then? Will we with equal cheerfulness accept the justice and love of God as far higher and wiser than ours, and esteem our contrary ideas as erroneous misconceptions? Or will we try to force our ideas into the Scriptures and to twist and turn all the contrary passages to meet our ideas?
In approaching God's Word in the study of these or any questions, it is the same as though we approached him in prayer. To obtain our request it must be the heart's desire. Our own will and preference must be dead and buried, so that we shall have no other desire than to hear God's Word and make it ours. Let each one prayerfully do this before going further in this investigation.
Now, to begin with, "Does any passage of Scripture declare in so many words the everlasting salvation of all men?" (Look this up in your concordance.) No; not one passage.
Next, what passages might be so viewed as to seem to imply this, or to furnish some ground for such an inference?
The following would seem to be the only ones from which such an inference even would be deducible:--
(1)--"We trust in the living God, who is the Savior of all men, specially of those that believe."--1 Tim. 4:10.
(2)--"Who will have all men to be saved, and to come unto the knowledge of the truth."--1 Tim. 2:4.
(3)--"Therefore, as through the offense [sin] of one sentence came upon all men to condemnation; even so, through the righteousness of one, the free gift came upon all men unto justification of life."-- Rom. 5:18.
(4)--"That as sin hath reigned unto death, even so might grace reign through righteousness unto eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord."--Rom. 5:21.
(5)--"For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive."-- 1 Cor. 15:22.
(6)--"The gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ, our Lord."-- Rom. 6:23.
(7)--"The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death."--1 Cor. 15:26.
(8)--"He will swallow up death in victory."--1 Cor. 15:54; Isa. 25:8.
We can find no other statements than these, throughout the entire Bible, to even give a color of truth to the claim that the Bible is full of it. And remember that all that can be said on that subject aside from what can be built reasonably and logically upon these statements of the Bible is merely deceptive sophistry and not in any sense the Word of God's testimony.
Now let us examine these statements which some claim as ground for the inference that God's revealed plan is that all men are to be saved everlastingly. Is the inference tenable under critical examination? Let us look at each statement in order with its context, and see just what it means and settle once and forever whether any of them support such an inference, even.
We say, settle it, because a condition of uncertainty is not a condition of faith. And it is our duty to have settled convictions of truth, convictions so rooted and grounded in God's Word that we cannot be moved therefrom.--See Col. 1:23; 1 Pet. 5:10.
(1)--This text shows clearly two classes of saved ones, the first, "all men," including the last, those who "believe," who are specially saved. All men, we know, lost life in Adam; and according to God's plan our Lord Jesus tasted death for every man; and therefore, in due time (either in the Gospel age or in the Millennial age) all shall be saved or delivered from that lost condition of hopeless condemnation, by being brought to a knowledge of Christ's redemptive work and the reconciliation and restitution thereby made possible for them. Each is thus made safe--saved from the condemnation to destruction which Adam's sin brought upon all. We who now accept of God's plan in Christ speak of ourselves properly as saved now; we are brought back into God's favor and recognition (in Christ, our Mediator); and according to God's promise and provision, all who become obedient to the Son of God shall be specially or lastingly safe. On such the second death shall have no power. Thus seen, this statement signifies that God saves all men from the loss experienced by all in Adam's fall, and will make that salvation special or lasting to those who believe. The word believe here does not signify to give general assent or have a knowledge; for all shall know of God, from the least to the greatest. The Greek word here rendered believe is pistos and its signification is trusty and trusting. Thus it is to the trusty and trusting ones that God shall work out special or lasting salvation. Nothing in this text, therefore, teaches the everlasting salvation of all.
(2)--The second text above quoted is in the same line exactly as the first. It recognizes, first of all, that men are lost, and thus agrees with our Lord's words that he "came to seek and to save [recover, restore] that which was lost," referring back directly to the failure of Adam and the condemnation to death and fall from perfection there brought upon all men. Next it shows what God's will is with reference to those lost ones: He wills that they shall be recovered from that lost or cast-off condition into which all fell through Adam's sin, and that they each and all shall come to a clear, full knowledge of the truth--that they shall come to see clearly what sin is and what its penalty is, death; and what righteousness is and what its reward is, life. Because this was God's will, he made provision for carrying it out. How? By providing in the sacrifice of Christ a ransom-price for Adam and all that was lost. But was any everlasting thing lost? Evidently not; its being lost, proved that Adam's life was not everlasting life. And the saving or restoring of men back to life and to favor and harmony with God (all that was lost) evidently is not, therefore, the giving of everlasting life. The everlasting continuance of the restored life depends upon the everlasting obedience of the restored beings--just as it did with Adam. Hence, God's further [R1218 : page 4] provision is, that after thus saving men from Adamic death he will have all men come to a full knowledge of the truth. And as they thus come to a knowledge of the truth, their responsibility toward it increases, and thus the knowledge brings trial or testing. And as Adam was tested, each one saved from the Adamic condemnation is to be tested and finally proved worthy or unworthy of life. Those ("the elect") found worthy under the severe trials of the present age will, at the close of this age, receive life in its highest form--inherent life, Immortality, as partakers of the divine nature. At the end of the Millennial age, all who shall pass their trial successfully will be confirmed in their possession of life everlastingly, while those not found worthy, and therefore not written in the book of life, will be destroyed. This destruction is symbolically termed the lake of fire, and is called the second death, because they had already been rescued through the ransom from the first or Adamic death; and thus their destruction then, as the penalty of their own sin, is distinguished from the first death or destruction in which all shared and from which it was God's will to save all through Christ. We find nothing here to teach the everlasting salvation of all men.
(3)--This text refers to how all of our race come under the dominion of sin and its penalty, death: not willingly, neither by any fault on God's part, but by the transgression, offense or disobedience of Adam.
It shows, also, how God arranged that through the obedience of Christ even unto death, on behalf of all, all might be justified to life. And it is to grant all men a full opportunity to attain unto a justification (or merit) of lasting life, that God has made the provision so ample, first by saving or ransoming all from the power of the [R1219 : page 4] grave; and second, by bringing all to the fullest knowledge of the truth. And the Millennial reign of Christ is not only the period in which this full, clear knowledge is to reach the masses of men, but it is the period of judgment, or trial, (Acts 17:31) to see how many, under fullest favor and greatest possible opportunity consistent with righteousness, will attain unto justification (merit) of LIFE EVERLASTING. We find nothing therefore in this text to teach the everlasting salvation of all men.
(4)--This text is a continuation of the thought of the foregoing one (3). The Apostle here contrasts the reign of sin and death during the 6000 years of the permission of evil, with the coming 1000 years reign of righteousness and life. The tendency of the reign of sin was always unto death: and so, too, the tendency of the reign of righteousness will always be unto life. But even as now sin does not reign in all (Rom. 6:12), so that some now, in heart, pass from death unto life notwithstanding the reign of sin and death, so in the future (as indicated by the contrast), though the reign of righteousness and tendency toward life will affect all, some then will pass from the general condition and in heart will be disaffected. And in the end of that trial--in the harvest of the Millennial age--a testing will take place which will clearly manifest all who at heart are opposed to the perfect law of God. And such shall "be destroyed from among the people."--Acts 3:23; Rev. 20:9.
(5)--Adam was appointed to be the father (life-giver) of the human family; but losing his right to life himself, when he disobeyed God, he has been unable to carry out his commission to fill or people the earth; for, like himself, all his progeny are dying men instead of living men. Had God created two head men or fathers and had only one of these sinned, then only that race in the sinful head or father would have died with him because of his disobedience. All should see how, in what manner, all men are in Adam, and therefore die. This should be clearly seen before going farther in the study of this text, because it is even so, that all in Christ are to be made alive. No man can be made alive in Christ or through Christ except by coming into him and through him. There is no other way to come to life and no other name given than his. When the knowledge of the Lord fills the earth and all come to an understanding of the truth, they will see that "He that hath the Son hath life, and he that hath not the Son of God hath not life"--hath no right to or promise of life. (1 John 5:12; John 3:36.) All who would have life in that age must become children of Christ, begotten of truth. (Isa. 9:6.) And just as all in Adam died, lost life, even so with all in Christ, they shall all be made alive--reach a state or condition of perfection and freedom from death. Surely nothing in this text teaches that all will be kept alive everlastingly.
(6)--This text not only shows that everlasting life is a boon, a favor, a special gift, but it teaches that there are certain limitations surrounding it. It is not common or given away regardlessly, but under the limitations and conditions of the New Covenant. It is given only through Jesus Christ, our Lord, the Mediator of that New Covenant. Thus again we are reminded that only all in Christ shall be made alive, and all not in him "shall not see life."--John 3:36.
The remainder of this text should never be forgotten, either. The entire verse declares that God is willing to give the gift of life everlasting only to those who accept it in and through Christ and on the condition of worthiness of everlasting life, which he as the appointed judge shall decide at the close of the Millennial age, the general trial or judgment day. For all others than those who accept the gift upon the proffered terms--righteousness --God declares he will pay the proper wages of sin--death. Surely nothing in this text teaches that all will be everlastingly saved.
(7)--The thought here is the same as in the foregoing text. We were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, hence in his due time the power of death over us shall be broken. To this end the Millennial reign of Christ has been appointed. During that age one after another of the curses and evils of the present time will be destroyed --most of them at the beginning of that reign, in the great time of trouble by which it shall be introduced. The one enemy which shall longest have a footing is Adamic death. It will continue to have a measure of power until near the close of the Millennium--not that people will then sicken and die as now, through weaknesses inherited; but though mankind will be getting stronger mentally, morally and physically, and nearer perfection and life, as they conform to the rules and regulations of the New Covenant, yet as any imperfection of mind or body is so much of death, it is evident that in this respect this Adamic death will be the last enemy to be banished and destroyed; for its last taint will not be gone until there is not one of the human family imperfect or in any manner under the control of Adamic death. If any are in death then, it will not be because of inherited weakness, but because of wilful sin of their own. And God does not offer any degree of life to such.
Adamic death is classed as an "enemy" because it has a hold upon some who are already reconciled to God by the death of his Son. And many others, also, who will become reconciled when brought to the full knowledge of the truth, are held by it and hindered from full harmony and communion with God and full obedience to his laws of righteousness. For this reason the ransom was provided and all are released; for God is not willing that any creature of his who desires good should be held back, or to any degree hindered from the same. God wills, therefore, that Adamic death shall be destroyed and that all shall go free from that sentence and that all shall have full knowledge and an individual trial for life.
The death which will come upon some (few, we trust and believe), as the result of their own wilful sins against clear light, will not be an enemy in God's sight, but the honorable servant of righteousness, executing the just decree of the King of kings. Nor will it be the enemy of any of those in harmony with God who will rejoice to see his will done in cleansing the universe from all whose ways are an abomination in the sight of God and all the lovers of righteousness.--Rev. 21:8.
The trial in the end of that age is briefly stated in Psa. 1:5. "The ungodly shall not be able to stand in the judgment [they will fall] nor sinners [be permitted to continue] in the congregation of the righteous." It will be an everlasting blessing to all the righteous that the wicked will not be everlastingly perpetuated. And the second death, which will cut them off from life forever, will be the friend of God and of righteousness and of all in harmony with these. So, then, the "enemy," death, that Christ will destroy during the Millennium, will be Adamic death, and this text can in no sense or degree be used as a proof of the everlasting salvation of all.--Isa. 25:8.
(8)--This text also refers to the Adamic death. This is clearly discernible from the context. (1 Cor. 15:12-18,26.) It therefore is no proof whatever that the restitution standing, given to all in Christ, will be maintained in the trial of the Millennial judgment and forever. This passage the Apostle quotes from Isa. 25:8. It is a pen picture of the blessings to be accomplished during (not after) Christ's reign of a thousand years. Verse 6 refers to the mountain or kingdom of Christ, in which God shall provide a feast of blessings for all mankind. Verse 7 declares that the shame (sinful weaknesses) of all and the shade (sorrow, gloom--"vail") of all shall be swallowed up in the blessings of that day. Verse 8 declares that even death itself shall yield to the powers of that King and the laws of his kingdom, and all tears shall be wiped away (just as the Book of Revelation also pictures it), and then to be of the Lord's people will no longer bring reproaches and dishonor and persecution. Thus, in this as in every place, the Lord does most positively declare his intention to utterly destroy Adamic death, from which his death ransomed all--it "shall be rendered powerless" to hold any back from obedience and life; it shall be no more, when all are thus freed from its condemnation and bondage and given full liberty and choice of life as Adam had before his condemnation.
But notice that it is not the Second Death which is here or anywhere represented as being destroyed, but the death whose baneful influence was spread over all people --the Adamic death. Note also that this death being destroyed by the release of all out of it would not hinder any so released from dying the second death as the penalty for their own wilful sins, when on trial. On the contrary, chapter 26, continuing the same picture of the Millennial reign, indicates that the second death will be the just retribution for wilful sinners. Verses 7-9 show that the way of the upright and the path of the just will be made level, and they shall delight therein; for it is what their souls longed for even in the night of sin. Such shall seek the Lord early in that Millennial morning, and all the inhabitants of earth will learn perfectly what righteousness is and what are its rewards. Yet verse 10 shows (just as Matt. 25:41-46 and Rev. 20:10 and many other passages do) that even then, with fullest knowledge, some will not learn (to love) righteousness. In the land of uprightness (Christ's Kingdom) will he deal unjustly, and will not recognize the majesty of the Lord's law. Lord, when thy hand is raised high they shall not see: oh! that they might see thy zeal for the people and be ashamed; yea, the fire shall devour them, thine enemies.
The sum of this testimony then is, that God hath ordained and fully provided for
A UNIVERSAL SALVATION,
BUT NOT FOR
ITS EVERLASTING CONTINUANCE
EXCEPT TO
WORTHY INDIVIDUALS.
Not only do all of God's promises attest this to be his plan, but all of his arrangements and dealings agree to the same testimony. He condemned all through one man's disobedience (and gave all an experience with sin) in order that he might have mercy upon all through another one. And his provision of mercy is that the one who redeemed them shall establish a reign of righteousness in the world and grant to all the fullest knowledge of it and its workings, that thus their previous knowledge of sin and its workings may be offset by an equal knowledge of righteousness and its results, in order to a full, fair trial of each individual, to prove whether he prefers the fruits of the spirit --meekness, gentleness, patience, love; or whether he still has sympathy with the evil disposition which led to all the present woe, and which if permitted to work would lead to similar results again, viz.: pride, envy, selfishness. The tests which the Lord will provide will, we may be sure, be equal to the emergency. In the close of the thousand years reign of Christ, when men have reached perfection of being and when they have full knowledge of right and wrong, Satan will be permitted a measure of liberty (having been restrained during that reign) in order to test these so highly blessed, to prove which of them are worthy of everlasting life. None are worthy of that great gift and none will get it except those who, when possessed of all that knowledge and ability which all by that time will have attained, will stand the test of God's perfect law. And it is in order to give that test that Satan will be granted "a little season" of permission to deceive and thus to test all. It will not be a deception as to what is right and what wrong, but they will be deceived into supposing that they would not be interfered with or punished for the wrong. Just such was mother Eve's deception: she knew all along what God had forbidden and that disobedience would be sin, and that God had pronounced the penalty of death against sin. Her deception did not therefore lessen her guilt, and evidently consisted in supposing that God either could not or would not inflict the penalty pronounced.
Get the thought clearly in mind, that God's mercy in Christ consists in redeeming and restoring to the race all that was lost in Adam. Ask yourself whether Adam possessed and lost everlasting life. If he had possessed everlasting life, he could not have died. What then did he possess, and what did he lose, and what does Christ propose to restore to all?
We answer, Adam possessed life in a perfect degree and had the promise of its everlasting continuance if he stood trial successfully. (And we have no reason to suppose that he would have been tried no more if that one trial of the forbidden fruit had been passed successfully. We believe that, before passing Adam into an everlasting condition, God would have given increasing tests of obedience with increasing knowledge until the test of fidelity would be complete). Adam, therefore, perfect but inexperienced, was enjoying a trial for lasting life, the results of which, if successful, would have proved him worthy of life everlastingly, and if unsuccessful would prove him unworthy of life, worthy of death. This trial was cut short, all share in God's offer of life as a reward of obedience was lost, and the sentence to death was incurred, by the act of disobedience. By paying the fine or sentence (death), for Adam and all in him, our Lord Jesus secured for all men a renewal of the trial, a renewal of the offer of lasting life to the obedient. In securing for all another trial or opportunity for proving themselves worthy of life everlasting, our Lord Jesus redeemed for the whole race, by his own blood (death), the very thing lost. To enable men to stand trial under the most favorable conditions possible, the Redeemer will make known his salvation to all, and will restore to perfection all who desire life, gradually, during the Millennium, schooling and disciplining them the while, so that before their (second) test shall have passed, they shall not only be perfect in powers, but perfect in knowledge and experience also.
Nor should we judge of the Lord's methods and laws by the standards adopted among fallen men, which permit all to live whose liberty would not be dangerous to society. The ideas of fallen men, upon what is a good condition of society and safe laws for its regulation and upon who would be fit to enjoy its blessings and be considered a good member of it, are very different from God's view of the same. (Isa. 55:9.) And among men the standard of good differs greatly. Some would class all who refrain from murder, profanity, liquor and tobacco as good and worthy to go beyond the Millennium and have everlasting life. Others would be more exacting and would suggest that in addition all filthiness of the flesh must be put away, all evil speaking and malice, and that tempers must be controlled, if the fair perfection of God's Kingdom would be maintained and his promise realized that there shall be no more sorrow or pain.
But, dearly beloved, even this last estimate falls far short of the perfection of heart that God will require of all who shall pass into the everlasting condition beyond the Millennium. It will be for the good and everlasting happiness of all who shall enjoy the everlasting conditions he is preparing for those who love him, that he will demand perfection, of all who shall enter it. And not only perfection in outward conduct, but perfection of heart-- every desire and plan and thought, as well as every act and word, must be fully subjected to the Lord's plans and wishes, which are perfect.
We realize this when we come to a full appreciation of God's law, under which all will be tested. Our Lord explained that grand law--so just and perfect and good (Rom. 7:12)--when he declared that it was briefly comprehended in one word, Love; and it is of two parts: "Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, with all thy mind, with all thy being and with all thy strength;-- and thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself." Ah! how grandly perfect that law. How perfectly safe it will be to introduce beyond the Millennium, into the everlasting state, such of the then perfectly restored race as shall be heartily in accord with that grand law of Love. In hearts where such loyalty to God controls, no room for ambition such as Satan manifested will be found, seeking to usurp authority and honor. (Isa. 14:14.) In such hearts no strife to be greatest will find place; and no disposition to rule over or be served by another, but rather in honor to prefer one another. And such even as would prefer the present unequal conditions of wealth and poverty, princedom and serfdom, and who would not greatly prefer the new state of general blessing and equality, would, by that law of Love, be condemned as unworthy of everlasting life and worthy of the second death. Such, if permitted to live, would be dangerous to the future good and liable, if an opportunity were ever presented, to establish for the future an aristocracy and caste, contrary to the laws of God's Kingdom and a continual menace to the joy and blessing and peace of all his perfect creatures.
EVIDENCE SUFFICIENT FOR SOME.
For some the above examination of the
Scripture testimony on this subject will be
quite sufficient. They will see that it is
God's word and they will want no other
way or plan than his. Loving God with
all their hearts, and with all their minds,
they will permit no will or thought of
their own to oppose his. And many, if
not all such, will at once see the reasonableness
of God's arrangement as presented
and the unreasonableness of any other,
and thus their loyalty to God and to
his plan will be rewarded by clearness
of mental vision. To thus see clearly the
why and wherefore and the grand outcome
of the Lord's plan was not the privilege of
God's saints in past centuries; but those
who could not then see clearly all the
reasons and the results were blessed in
holding on to the first principles of the
gospel--that sin is a terrible thing in
God's sight, that the ransom given by our
Lord was needful, and that all released by
him must fully conform their wills to his
laws if they would have the everlasting
life promised. Now, however, God is
preparing his people, forearming them, as
it were, for the great conflict between
truth and error, which his word declares
is due to take place in the close of this age.
Increase of knowledge and awakening increase
of thought upon all subjects bring
increased thought upon God's revelation
of his will and plan. The crumbling of long
cherished errors of every sort tends to
shake confidence in everything that is
[R1221 : page 5]
old, and God therefore prepares his faithful
ones by granting increased knowledge
of his will and plan. This in symbol is
aptly termed the sealing of the servants of
God in their foreheads--intellectually.
(Rev. 7:3.) And all this clearness of vision,
so satisfying to all whose only desire is to
know the will of God, is the result of this
sealing and is for your joy and comfort and
strengthening in the truth; that you may
be able to sing with the spirit and with
the understanding also:
"How firm a foundation, ye saints of the Lord,
Yet some, whether because their wills
are not fully submitted to God's will we
judge not--God judgeth, not we--have not
submitted themselves to these plain statements
of God's plan, but have gone about
to establish a plan of their own (Heb. 10:2-5.),
which they modestly (?) think a
better one. And of course they succeed
in satisfying themselves as to the invulnerableness
of their own arguments
and theories. And God permits them to
do so; just as he has all down through
the Gospel age permitted false theories.
And they of course quote Scripture to
prove or to give seeming support to their
theories, just as every false system or doctrine
of the church has been bolstered
up by misapplied and misinterpreted
isolated statements of Scripture.
This method of deceiving themselves as
well as others, by building an argument upon
a word or sentence of the Bible, regardless
of the fact that such theory would be
wholly out of harmony with the remainder
of the paragraph or chapter, has long
been the method of all errorists. Not
only are the errors of Christendom, which
separate God's people into various sects,
thus supported, but whoever will read
the theological discussions of past centuries
should be struck with the same--
even going back as far as Satan quoting
isolated passages, out of harmony with
their connections, to deceive our Lord
during the forty days temptation of the
wilderness.
But as it is the will of God to permit
errors to take their course to test and to
manifest those loyal to him and his word,
so it is also his will that such errors be
met with the truth and their unscripturalness
exposed, not for the sake of such
as are wilful and want their own way regardless
of God's way, but for the sake of
such as really at heart have no will of their
own but merely desire to know the Lord's
plan, whose heads only may be temporarily
confused by the sophistical theories referred
to.
For the benefit of such, then, and
as a forearming of others to whom
such theories have not yet come, we will
in the succeeding articles examine some
of these erroneous views. Let all remember,
however, that we have already in the
foregoing article examined every Scripture
passage even seeming to teach the everlasting
salvation of all, and have found them
with their contexts not only not teaching
thus, but opposed to the idea. So what
we shall now discuss are not passages which
really teach or seem to teach thus, but
isolated statements which, by twisting and
turning out of their connection and true
meaning, they would make serve their purpose
instead of clear statements.
And notice, too, that all these efforts are
to build upon isolated statements and perversions
a theory outside the Bible, which
cannot be supported by any line of argument
inside the Bible.
"TO BE CARNALLY MINDED IS DEATH."
This is one of those isolated statements
used to sustain a portion of a theory, the
outcome of which is to prove the everlasting
salvation of all. How? Why? Why
should any one desire to use any passage
wrongfully? And how could this scrap of
one verse be useful to such a theory?
In answer, we ask, Why have all errorists
quoted portions of Scripture to prove
their various theories, so that it has become
a by-word with scoffers that the
Bible is an old fiddle and that any tune
may be played upon it? They see how
each denomination selects a few proof
texts and entrenches itself behind them;
but they do not know and God's children
do not generally realize that the texts are
misused, that the whole passage or treatise
would stand no such construction. It is,
alas! too true that hundreds of passages
have been quoted to prove, often, the
very reverse of what their writers intended,
as the context would prove if referred
to. But a theorist anxious to establish his
theory is often not particular to examine
the context to see if it would justify his
construction; and many of God's children
are not sufficiently studious to criticize
every theory by God's Word and to examine
every text quoted by a teacher to see
if its context will sustain his application of
it. These, like the world, are of the opinion
that the Bible is a fiddle upon which any
tune may be played, and they want to hear
all the tunes and choose the one which
suits them best. But this is all wrong.
The Bible taken as a whole, and each
text considered in the light of the discourse
of which it forms a part, plays but the one
tune--that grand and harmonious melody,
the song of Moses and the Lamb
--the Love of God and the redemption
and reconciliation provided in Christ.
No better text could be found, perhaps,
than the one under consideration, as illustrating
this very common way of wrongfully
playing different tunes from God's Word,
by human manipulation. In the first place
it has been misused by "Orthodoxy" for
a long time to support one false theory,
while now it is being drafted into service
to prove another and exactly opposite
theory. And all this because the common
translation happened to give an obscure
form of expression which permitted the
passage to be used with a seeming fitness
to their theories, and because they could
find none to fit better.
"Orthodoxy" has long used this statement,
"To be carnally minded is death,"
as an offset to God's statement in Eden
when he pronounced the penalty of disobedience
to be death. "Orthodoxy" had
the erroneous theory that everlasting torment
is the penalty of sin, and would not
accept of God's plain testimony, and this
obscurely translated passage has long
served their purpose to give them a reply
against God's plain statement, "The
wages of sin is death:" And they reply,
"Yes, but not the death you think of,
not the usual death which all die, not cessation
of being." With their view of death a
man can die, become carnally minded,
and yet live on and on forever in torment.
Thus they have seemingly justified their error
in their own minds and held captive all
[R1221 : page 6]
who trusted implicitly their teachings
without looking up the Scripture testimony
on the subject.
But those who sought God's testimony
found that God had declared positively
what the penalty of sin should be in
Adam's case and in every other case; that
his general law against sin is--"The
soul [being] that sinneth, it shall die."
(Ezek. 18:4.) These, too, remembered
Paul's explanation of how death (Rom. 5:12-19)
came through Adam's disobedience
and as the penalty of that disobedience;
how we are redeemed from
it by that very same penalty, death, being
executed upon our Lord Jesus, who became
thus our Redeemer; and how he is
as a consequence to rescue all from that
death penalty by a resurrection of the
dead. Then turning back to Genesis to
see how God has stated the penalty, they
are left without a shadow of doubt by
God's own explanation of his death sentence
upon Adam--"Dust thou art, and
unto dust shalt thou return."
Now, we see the same blind translation
made to do duty again, as God's
people are getting free from the error of
supposing everlasting torment to be the
wages of sin. It is brought forward with
its false application, as a new proof that
real death is not the wages of sin.
But why? What object can they have?
Surely these do not as the others want a
support for a theory of everlasting torment?
No; they want it for a prop to the
very opposite theory--that all men shall
attain to everlasting life.
In what way could the disproving of
actual death as the wages of sin help
their argument or theory? In this way:
If it be admitted that God once tried
Adam, to test his worthiness of everlasting
life, the inference is plain that this
will be God's method with every creature,
for he is no respecter of persons and
declares that he changes not. And it implies,
too, that Adam had a will of his own
and that God did not coerce it but let him
have and follow his own free will, and
thus, by choosing obedience or disobedience,
choose between the clearly stated rewards
of these. And of course, again,
the inference is plain that if Adam was
judged by a trial of his will without God's
interference, so the judgment of the whole
race (Matt. 25:31-46) will be, similarly,
a judgment or trial of their wills without
God's interference.
And, further, the admission that Adam
was tried for life, and that disobedience
brought the penalty prescribed--loss of
life, death--implies that when all men
are tried or judged the penalty for wilful
sin of each one will be just the same as
in Adam's case, death--"Dust thou art and
unto dust shalt thou return"--"the soul
[being] that sinneth, it shall die." For
there is no escape from the conclusion that
if God's law condemned one sinner to extinction
[R1222 : page 6]
of life, the same unchangeable
God and the same unchangeable law would
condemn any wilful sinner to the same
penalty in the end of the world's trial, at
the close of the Millennium.
Furthermore, it is well to know that the
Scriptures (Rev. 20:9) foreshow that at
the close of the Millennium some will be
found (after all their favors, of instruction
and restitution to perfection and experience
with both sin and righteousness)
unworthy of everlasting life, because found
shortcomers when measured by the perfect
golden rule of Love. And the fact
that these, rescued by Christ's ransom-sacrifice
from the first death, are at
the close of the second trial (an individual
one) sentenced to the second
death makes it evident that the two death
sentences must be the same in kind.
Hence, their theory that any who fail in
the end of the Millennial age will be
tried over and over again until all have
been forced to the condition of everlasting
life must fall if the second death, the
penalty of failure in the second trial,
were admitted to be the same in kind as
the first death, the penalty of the failure
under the first trial--unless it could be
somehow made to appear that the first
death was not the actual loss of life and
return of dust to dust. Hence the effort
is made to prove from this text that carnal-mindedness
is the only death--the
only penalty of sin.
This, then, is the object of the teachings
(not teachers) we are examining and reproving
as false. They for this reason
use this portion of the text under consideration
to prove that the wages of sin is
not and never was loss of life--never was
the death of the soul or being. To serve
the needed argument the text is turned
thus: If to be carnally minded is death,
then death must be the condition of carnal-mindedness,
hence, the wages of sin
is carnal-mindedness and not literal death,
not extinction of being, not the return of
dust to dust.
And straightway, without noticing the
poor translation upon which they are
about to build so much and on the strength
of which they are about to cast aside so
many plain statements of Scripture; without
noticing that the application they are
giving to a part of the sentence is not only
out of harmony with the entire argument
of the Apostle, but out of harmony with
the remainder of the same verse, they
begin to build upon it their theory. They
reason and build, thus, with reference to
THE SECOND DEATH.
The first death, the penalty of the first
failure in the first trial in Eden, was a
death to righteousness (a ceasing to be
righteous), a state of carnal-mindedness;
the second death may be a death to carnal-mindedness
(a ceasing to be carnal
minded), a state of holiness. Or the second
death may mean that those who experience
it at the close of the Millennial
age will be again sentenced to wages of
sin--carnal-mindedness, and be again on
trial repeatedly in ages after the Millennial
age until they finally crucify their
carnal minds. Either theory regarding
second death will do, and they care not
which is accepted so long as it is one
which would support their theory, no
matter how much common sense and
Scripture would thus be antagonized.
Furthermore, if such a definition of
death can be established, to their own
satisfaction, it will harmonize another
feature of their theory, which is that
Christ Jesus our Lord
WAS NOT THE SUBSTITUTE FOR ADAM,
For this, too, has a connection with this
theory of everlasting salvation for all; and
to retain the latter the former had to be
denied. How? Why?--Do you not see?
If it were admitted, as the Scriptures so
plainly teach, that our Lord Jesus gave
himself as the ransom price or substitute
for Adam, to cancel the penalty of death
--destruction, extinction of being--that
came upon him and that through him
came upon all, and that he did this when
he died the just one for, or instead of, or
as a substitute for, the unjust Adam,* and
that he thus made reconciliation for
iniquity according to God's will, it would
effectually settle the theory they are so
bent upon establishing, viz.: the everlasting
salvation of all. Therefore substitution
must be opposed, though they know
or ought to know that the Greek word
huper, occurring nearly one hundred times
and variously rendered in the English (for,
for the sake of, on behalf of, instead of,
etc.), answers to our word substitute and in
many instances could have no other meaning.
But all will not at a glance see why
it would be necessary to deny that Christ
bought us with his own precious blood
(death) in order to uphold the theory of
the everlasting salvation of all. Therefore
we briefly show why.
*Some one will perhaps ask how he was instead
of, or a substitute for Adam, since Adam also
died. We answer that God's argument is that the
wages of sin is lasting death, and that Adam
never could have been set free from it and the sentence
to it, which was upon him from the time of
his disobedience, except by the substituting of one
in his place in death. For this reason our Lord
Jesus became a man and gave himself (as a man)
a ransom or corresponding price for Adam; that
Adam and all his children might be released from
the sentence and from the penalty of his transgression.
The manhood then laid down as our substitute is
still dead and will never be restored. Instead of
manhood the Heavenly Father gave our Lord Jesus
a new, a higher nature--made him, a sharer of his
own divine nature.
If it be admitted that the transgression
of Adam brought a condemnation which
could not be gotten rid of except by the
payment of the penalty [death] for him by
a substitute or redeemer, then it would as
clearly prove that those who by wilful sin
come under the penalty of death the second
time could not be released from the
second death penalty without another payment
of their ransom price. And then,
too, it will be remembered that it was because
only one man (Adam) had been tried
and sentenced by the law of God that
the sacrifice of one (the man Christ Jesus,
who gave himself to carry out the Father's
gracious plan) was sufficient, and by settling
the condemnation of the one, in
whom all others were unwillingly involved,
the legal ransom for all was given. But it
would be different with those who die the
second death, for each one of them will have
had an individual trial (just as in Adam's
case), and each so sentenced will be
sentenced for himself (as saith the Prophet
--Ezek. 31:29,30). So if it were God's
plan to redeem men out of the second
death it would require a separate ransom-sacrifice
for each individual.
The inconsistency of such a supposition,
as well as the Apostle's statement that
"Christ dieth no more," are proofs to any
sane mind that hope for wilful sinners
sentenced to the second death cannot lie
in the direction of paying their ransoms for
them. All can see that while it was consistent
that God in indicating his justice
and upholding his law should, in love for
the strayed sheep, provide one willing
sacrifice for all at Calvary, it would be inconsistent,
absurd indeed, to talk of a
Calvary intensified ten, or a hundred, or a
thousand, or a million of times, according
to the number of wilful sinners condemned
to the second death.
Nor can any one show the slightest
promise of God to do anything more for
those who go into the second death, as the
result of their second trial (the first individual
trial except to Adam and Eve).
Nor can the slightest reason for any release
from the second death for further trial
be urged; for it must be admitted that the
Millennial day is the one appointed for
judging or trying the world (See Acts 17:31;
Rev. 20:6; 1 Cor. 6:2), and it
must be admitted that the conditions
during that period of trial will be most
favorable--with evil bound and the
knowledge of the Lord covering the
earth as the waters cover the sea. And
who dare dispute that Jehovah's Anointed
One, whom he hath appointed for the very
purpose of judging the world righteously,
in that appointed day, will do the work
properly and fully in the appointed time,
or that he who loved the lost sheep so
that he gladly laid down his life once on
their behalf will give them anything less
than a full, just trial?--so full, so favorable,
so just, that it will need no further
judging or testing to determine definitely
which, after full knowledge and opportunity,
are "sheep," followers of Christ's
example of meekness, love and obedience,
whom God desires to bring into
his everlasting fold, and which are wilful,
rebellious "goats," followers of Satan's
course of pride and disobedience, and therefore
unworthy of the gift of everlasting life,
and whose everlasting cutting off from life,
by destruction in the second death, will be
the best thing for themselves and especially
of advantage to the millions who then
will be lovers of righteousness, lovers of
God and lovers of each other.
So then we see--what? We see that
an erroneous theory, even though it has
not one text to give it a shadow of
support, if accepted and tied to, leads
the would-be teachers of this, their own
brand of "new light," first to overlook
the great mass of the Bible's testimony on
the subject of sin, its penalty and its only
remedy, and secondly to deny the real
penalty and the real remedy and to pervert
the plainest statements of God's word
to accomplish their object.
We know not the amount of guilt that
attaches to such a course--we know not
how much a defective sense of justice may
have to do with it--we cannot know to
what extent such teachers are deceived by
the very sophistries they are using to deceive
others. But while not even wishing to
pass sentence upon any fellow creature,
and realizing our inability to allow for
all the extenuating circumstances, we do
nevertheless judge of the doctrines by
the rule of God's word. And the writer
can and does judge of himself, that if he
should, with the light he has, ignore God's
[R1223 : page 6]
plan and thus wrest the Scriptures and
teach others so to do, in order to establish
a theory, it would be a terrible crime. And
the claim that Christ's death was not the
ransom price for Adam's sin, in order to
prove that wilful sinners could be forgiven
without a ransom, would, in the writer's
case, be denying the blood of the Covenant,
wherewith he was sanctified--made
holy and acceptable and fit for the high
calling. And we "warn" (Col. 1:28)
every fellow member of the body of Christ
not only to take heed not to accept any
theory that does not, in harmony with the
context, prove itself from God's Word,
but more--to be very certain in coming
to the study of God's Word that his
heart is entirely emptied of self-will
and plans which he wants to see carried
out, and that every thought and desire is
brought into captivity to that will of God,
which is being worked out by him through
Christ. (See 2 Cor. 10:5,6.) Be assured,
that if you have a theory which you want
to prove to yourself, the great adversary
of God, who from the first has been a deceiver
and misrepresenter of God's Word
and plans (Gen. 3:5), will be ready to
assist you in every conceivable manner.
Whereas, if sincerely desirous of knowing
and holding only what God reveals as
his plan, he will just as surely not leave
you without some helping hand, some index
finger to guide you into the truth.
Listen carefully for the voice of the Shepherd.
His sheep will do this and will not
follow strange voices--false doctrines
--but will quickly know to flee from them.
THE REAL MEANING.
As we have suggested, the translation of
the verse already cited (Rom. 8:6) is faulty.
But while this is true, the poor translation
is not so much to blame for the error
based upon the verse as the wrong condition
of the hearts (wills) of those who,
to find support for a theory, so readily
seized upon half of Paul's sentence and hastened
to apply it in opposition to the known
general sentiment of Scripture, without
noting either the faulty translation
or the opposition of the context to the
theory which they sought to build upon
it.
The faulty translation (Rom. 8:6)
reads: "To be carnally minded is death;"
and remember that the inference drawn
is that the death which is the wages of sin
consists, solely and only, in being carnally
minded. The Greek word sarx, here
rendered carnal, occurs one hundred and
thirty-nine times in the New Testament,
and only twice it is blindly rendered carnal
(in the above text and in Heb. 9:10).
It is generally rendered flesh, as in other
verses of this same chapter. (See verses 1,3,4,5,8,9,12,13.)
The word sarx
does not mean sinful at all, nor sinful
flesh; it means flesh, simply and only, and
is used in reference to Adam and Eve before
they sinned (1 Cor. 6:16) as well as
after; and twenty-five times it is used in
referring to our Lord's flesh, which was
perfect, spotless without blemish. (See
John 1:14, and 6:51,52,53,54,55,56,
and Heb. 10:2 and 1 Tim. 3:16.)
The expression "carnally minded," in
Rom. 8:6, therefore signifies merely
the mind or will of the flesh. Since the
Apostle well knew, and had long taught,
that all mankind had fallen from perfection
through Adam's disobedience, and
that all as a consequence were unsound,
not only morally but mentally and
physically as well, he did not need to
distinguish between the will of the flesh
as it would be if perfect and the will or
preference of the flesh in its fallen condition;
for he had already instructed
them that he and they and all the fallen
race had tastes, appetites and desires of
the (depraved) flesh, which, if gratified,
would lead to further degradation.
The sense of the passage is not difficult
to discern if it be read in connection with
the chain of discourse of which it forms
a part, at least from Chap. 7:18 to 8:15.
Other translations may assist (Rotherham's,
the Diaglott, or the Revised Version);
but the common version is simple
enough when it is known and remembered
that the phrase, "the carnal mind,"
should be rendered "the mind of the
flesh" or "the will of the flesh."
For the sake of making clear the
Apostle's argument, let us paraphrase
briefly the epistle to the Romans, down
to 8:15, amplifying as we reach the eighth chapter.
First, Paul would have the believers
at Rome know that the reason for
his not having visited Rome to preach
the gospel was not because of any shame,
or any feeling that the gospel of Christ
would not stand the light and criticism
of Rome, then the capital city of the
world, as well as that of the less notable
cities of Asia Minor, which he had visited
and evangelized. He declares himself
not ashamed of the gospel of Christ, but
ready, when the way should open, to preach
it boldly in Rome also.
Next, he proceeds to answer objections
and doubts liable to be raised by Jewish
converts among the Romans. He shows
that the ignorance, superstition and degradation
prevailing were not the result of
imperfect work on God's part in creating
the people so. He declares that no such
excuse can be allowed (Chap. 1:21 to 2:11);
he shows that men are themselves to
blame for their degradation, and that the
Jews, too, are involved in sin under God's
perfect law and would be condemned
as unfit for lasting life as surely as the
Gentiles. For as the Gentiles, without
the law given at Sinai, were sinners and
degraded, and died (punished) under
sentence of some law aside from Sinai's
law, so they (the Jews) who had received
the law of Moses had been condemned
by that law and had not escaped death
nor obtained any right to further life.
He argues (Chap. 3) that though no
Jew got life under Moses' law, and therefore
all were in a state of condemnation
as complete and hopeless as Gentiles, yet
the Jew got some blessings through that
Law Covenant--though lasting life was
not one of them. He got a clearer idea
of God's will from the Law, as well as a
knowledge of his further gracious purposes
from the testimonies of the prophets; yet
all that he then learned, instead of justifying
or proving him worthy of God's favor,
only showed more and more how firm a
hold sin had gotten and how impossible
it is for any one with an imperfect organism
and its depraved tastes and desires to
live an absolutely perfect life, and thereby
to commend himself to God. The
more they learned of God's law the less
they felt like saying--"Lord, I am perfect
in thought, word and deed; there
is nothing whatever unholy or selfish in
me; I am therefore just such a one as
thy law declares shall have lasting life."
On the contrary, the law revealed most
clearly the fact that all are sinners, that
all are unworthy of divine recognition
and favor; for all have sinned and come
short of what would glorify God. So then
the Law given to Israel, and under which
they were condemned, served to prove to all
men, what God already knew, that no
man in his fallen condition is worthy or
could make himself worthy of lasting life
under the only conditions upon which
God will give that blessing.
Then the Apostle shows (Chap. 3:21-26)
how God provided in Christ a propitiatory-covering
[See Rotherham's translation
and foot note.] for all who exercise
faith in the blood of the New Covenant
--declaring to such the remission of sins
past, and at the same time showing God's
righteousness in the entire procedure--
his justice in sentencing all the fallen ones
as unworthy of life, and his justice, too,
in the reversal of that sentence and the
granting of life to some through the redemption
provided.
He proceeds to show that though Israel
had expected every blessing and advantage
through their law, God had the larger
plan of favor through Christ all along;
and this fact he shows by references to the
promises.
Next he discusses the standing of all
who accept of Christ, and shows how they
are cleansed in Christ from all the defilement
brought upon them through Adam's
transgression.--Chap. 5.
Chapter 6 shows that in thus justifying
us, or imputing to us a righteousness not
actually ours, God's intention is not to
have us continue in sin, but rather to set
us free from its condemnation in order
that we may now begin to use ourselves
in God's service and to strive against all
things in us opposed to his perfect will.
This setting free from sins past and from
their just penalty, and making continual
allowance for the weaknesses of the flesh
which we have inherited, is not to be construed
as a change of God's attitude toward
sin and wilful sinners, but as an
opportunity for those desiring harmony
with God to show by their strivings against
sin and for righteousness that in heart
they fully approve his perfect law and delight
in it, and that if they could do so,
they would rejoice to have every word
and thought and act obedient thereto.
Such desire not to follow the will of the
flesh but to follow the Spirit or will of
God. For those who live in accord [and
have no battles] with their flesh [which is
depraved] indicate their preference, while
they who live in accord with the spirit
show their preference. Therefore, the
preference of the flesh means death [the
just sentence of the law], but the preference
of the spirit means life and peace
[the reward of obedience to the law of
the spirit of life in Christ Jesus, which
relieves such from condemnation on account
of weaknesses of the flesh inherited
from Adam]. For the preferences of our
[depraved] flesh are in opposition to God;
for the flesh is not in harmony with his
law, and indeed it cannot be; and hence
those whose existence is fleshly cannot
please God.
But you [the consecrated] have not your
existence in the flesh, but in the spirit, if
truly the spirit of God dwells in you.
And whoever has not Christ's spirit [disposition
or mind] is not his. But if
Christ is in you, the body is indeed dead
as to sin [not reckoned of God in considering
your case] but the spirit [intention
or new will] has life [reckoned to it]
because of its righteousness.
Moreover, if the spirit of him who
raised Jesus from the dead dwells in you,
he who raised Christ from the dead will
also make alive even your mortal bodies,
by the dwelling of his spirit within you.
In a word, it will take far less of God's
power to quicken your mortal bodies [reckoned
dead] to activity in his service, than
it took to raise Jesus from the dead; and
as surely it will have an increasing influence
upon your body, bringing it more
and more into a course of righteousness.
So then, brethren, you see we do not
owe any thing to the flesh [it brings us no
advantage, present or future], that we
should desire to follow its leadings and be
its servants. Quite the contrary, indeed,
we see that if we live according to the
will and leading of our flesh, which is depraved,
we shall die, but if we live according
to the spirit, according to the renewed
mind or spirit of Christ, we shall
thereby obtain a great blessing--we shall
live. Because as many as are guided by
the spirit of God, the same are God's
sons.--Rom. 8:14.
* * *
Following thus the Apostle's argument,
we see that the sentiment expressed in
verse 6 is reiterated in verse 14, and that
the thought of giving a new definition to
death--that the death which results from
sin is a carnal mind--is an absurd as well
as a false interpretation. Quite to the
contrary, it teaches that if we live after
the flesh, i.e., if we obey the will of our
sin-depraved and death-condemned flesh,
even after we have come to a knowledge
of Christ, and after we have come
under the new arrangement of the law of
the spirit of life through Christ, we shall
die the second death, the result of our
preference or choice of the things that
are contrary to the law of God. But as
many as accept of Christ and partake of
his spirit of obedience, and whose minds
or spirits prefer the things of God, and
seek to overcome and put an end to the
depraved desires and weaknesses of the
flesh, and to bring every thought into subjection
to the will of God--these, under
the Law of God which now judges only
the spirit or intention of those in Christ,
will receive lasting life.
But, the Apostle urges (Chap. 7), do
not get a wrong impression of the Law
given at Sinai. Do not think of it as an
imperfect or unjust law which God found
would not serve its purpose and from which,
therefore, he released you. On the contrary,
it was a good, just, perfect law; and only
because of your inability to keep it, has
God in his mercy released you from its
obligation and placed you for a time under
conditions suited to your infirmities. It
has ceased to be over you through God's
favor, he having all along intended the
plan of justifying all sinners freely,
through faith in Christ. When you begin
to think of how the Law failed to be a
blessing, you should realize that the fault
was in yourselves and not in the Law. It demanded
righteousness and you were unable
to fill the requirement actually. Thus
by the law comes the appreciation of
what sin is, and of how our race has
become enslaved to that terrible master,
Sin, whose commands we are unable to
fully resist, even though we despise them.
(v. 15.) Then, in this very fact that we
see and desire a perfection that we are
unable to live up to, we attest that God's
law, which demands perfection, is a proper,
good law, and that the fault lies in
ourselves.
But this very fact, that we desire to do
better than we are able to do, proves that
the fault is not in our wills, but the result of
Sin's enslavement of our members. This
is very evident, for the will represents us
as individuals, and the will desires righteousness
and approves God's perfect law.
But it is frustrated often, and cannot
control the Sin-enslaved body. And as a
result of the mind or will being subjected
to God's law, and the body being weak
through the fall and enslaved to Sin,
those things which our minds and God's
law disapprove are constant snares and
besetments. As a result, we often do
those things which we disapprove, and
leave undone many things which we approve
of.--Verses 16-23.
Thus, if we come back to look at God's
law given to Israel, we find it was just and
right in condemning us, since we are
constantly condemning ourselves as imperfect,
in its light. Is there then no hope?
Must we perish because we cannot obey
God's law, when we really desire to do so
but are prevented by this poor body over
which Sin and death gained control
through the fall? Surely this is a wretched
condition to be in, desiring righteousness
and its reward of lasting life, but unable
to grasp the prize because the will is fettered
to the sin-degraded body? O! is
there no help? Must we die?
Ah! yes, there is help: God foresaw this
very state and desires to rescue and bring
to everlasting life all who thus hate sin
and despise and strive against it in themselves.
Thank God, this very deliverance
has been provided. Our Lord Jesus died,
and rose, and lives, to bring about this
very result for all who are thus minded.
It was the transgression of God's law by
Adam that brought separation from Eden
and from God's favor, and a sentence of
death, resulting in the mental, moral and
physical decay and death of himself and
his race, under Sin, his new master. And
God's way, by which his love operated to
rescue us from the control of Sin and
death, was, first, by payment of the legal
penalty or sentence against Adam and
his race, under which Sin and death
held power or authority; and secondly,
as a result of this redemption from the
dominion of Sin and death by the Lord
Jesus' death, he shall restore to physical
[R1224 : page 8]
perfection all of the class described, who
with their minds serve the law of God,
and who desire full deliverance from the
control of Sin and death.
Thus accepting of Christ Jesus as the
Redeemer, and trusting him for the new
bodies promised in God's due time, we
see God's way out of the difficulty from
which we could never extricate ourselves.
Thanks be to God for this way of salvation
provided through Jesus Christ our
Lord. So, then, we can realize that while
with our minds (our wills, our hearts) we
serve the law of God, even though with
our flesh we to some extent obey the laws
of Sin, yet for the reasons stated (God's
grace in Christ's redemption) there is no
longer any condemnation to those who
are in Christ Jesus. All who have this
new standing come under new conditions.
As all in Adam were, under his sentence,
brought under the control of sin and
death, so all who now are in Christ Jesus,
the Redeemer, are in God's reckoning
brought under a new arrangement and
judged according to their spirit, mind or
intention, and thereby declared worthy of
life.--Rom. 8:2.
Thus we see that though God's just,
good law could not acquit sinners, no
matter how much they abhorred their
sins, nor grant lasting life to imperfect,
erring beings, yet, without violating that
law, but on the contrary upholding it, God
has accomplished the work in another way,
namely, by the sending of his own Son, in
the same form (or nature) as the flesh
which Sin had gotten control of, and on
account of Sin. He with (or by) his flesh
sentenced Sin, the great enslaver, to an
overthrow; that thus the just requirement
of the Law might be fully met by us who
are in Christ Jesus.
Thus seen, Rom. 8:6 not only does
not teach what some, out of all harmony
with its context and in great violence
to itself, attempt to make it prove, but
it proves the very reverse--that only such
of mankind will be everlastingly saved as
receive of Christ's spirit, mind or disposition;
only such as become sons of God.
But it must be borne in mind that only
the few yet know of the ransom given by
our Redeemer and Lord; only the few
therefore know that now, in the strength
of that atonement, they may have peace
with God; that God will accept of them
according to their spirit or intention, and
that coming into their willing hearts by
his power and truth, he will work in them
mightily and use even their sin-depraved
bodies in his service. The great mass of
mankind as yet knows not of God's
gracious plan. And since such could
neither reject nor accept what they did not
know of, God's gracious provision is that
they all shall hear and appreciate the case
fully. He will pour out his spirit [his
power, his influence] upon all flesh; all
shall be brought to a knowledge of the
truth, and all shall have fullest opportunity
to make a choice between the
law of God which leads to life, and the
law of sin which leads to death.--
1 Tim. 2:4-6.
WHAT IS SIN? AND WHO IS RESPONSIBLE
Before answering, it is but just that we
explain the necessity for answering questions
so simple that even "a babe in
Christ" should have no difficulty with
them. Nor would any need assistance,
were it not that the great deceiver has misled
some who, instead of needing help,
ought for their time to be teachers of the
truth. This claim which seems to be deceiving
some has the same general
characteristic of all Satan's deceptions,
namely, that the wages of sin is not death,
and that the soul that sinneth shall not
die. This theory, like the one just examined,
has for its object the establishing
of the doctrine that all men will be everlastingly
saved. But though the result
intended to be proved is the same, the
method or theory for proving it is different.
This wonderful, absurd theory of course
claims to have Bible support. It and
many other theories would have no weight
among God's children, to deceive any,
were it not for this. So this theory twists
four texts of Scripture to answer as support
or premises to rest upon. When we
examine these we will find them misapplied,
perverted, and really teaching no
such thing.
These proof texts are as follows:--
(1)--"Hath not the potter power over
the clay, of the same lump to make one
vessel unto honor and another unto dishonor?"
--Rom. 9:20.
(2)--"For the creature was made subject
to vanity, not willingly, but by
reason of him who hath subjected the
same in hope."--Rom. 8:20.
(3)--"I form the light and create darkness:
I make peace and create evil. I,
the Lord, do all these things."--Isa. 45:7.
(4)--"Shall there be evil in a city and the
Lord hath not done it?"--Amos 3:6.
Slim proofs these, to be the proofs of a
doctrine charging the Almighty with being
the direct and intentional author of
sin. We need not cite the hundreds of
texts to the contrary--that God is of
purer eyes than to recognize iniquity, and
cannot look upon sin with allowance;
that he is holy, just and good, and "his
work perfect." (Deut. 32:4; Job 37:16;
Psa. 18:30.) Nor need we cite the
frequent declarations of Scripture, that
sin is contrary to God's laws and that
whoever (willingly) commits sin is of the
[Conclusion on 2nd page.]
SATAN'S DEVICES.
devil. We notice, however, that according
to this false theory God not only made
man so bad that he could not avoid sin,
but that he actually caused him to sin.
If so, who was the sinner? Surely not
man, who could not resist God, but God
the irresistible one, whom they declare the
creator or instigator of sin. And if this
be so, who deserves the punishment due
for sin? Surely not man, if, as this theory
claims, he was the mere dupe, the
mere puppet who carried out the sinful
designs of God. Who but God could
deserve punishment according to this blasphemous
theory? And how terrible a
punishment would be due such criminality
could be measured only by the terrible
suffering thus brought upon his helpless
creatures. Nay; more, what a hypocrite
this theory would make of God. For six
thousand years he has been denouncing
sin, declaring that man is the sinner,
threatening penalties and declaring his
pity for them in their fallen state--even
sending his Son to be a sin-offering on
their behalf, to "make an atonement for
the sins of the people." If we shall now
find that all these are falsehoods, told to
deceive mankind, and that God is the real
sinner, it will surely be a great discovery.
But if it is true, surely the Bible would
be the last place from which to expect
proofs of it. If God be such a great fraud
and deceiver, he surely would not tell it
on himself. To suppose that he has done
so would be to charge him with folly as
well as with sin.
But let us examine the above texts and
see whether they prove what is claimed.
(1) Rom. 9:21--We must consider
this text in the light of the whole argument
of which it is a portion. Paul is
showing that though God's promises were
handed to Israel, and though they understood
that they were for them only, God
had a perfect right to make such selection
as he saw fit, for the high-calling to joint-heirship
with Christ. He was not bound
to take that nation. He had never said
that all of that nation should fill this position.
He had, on the contrary, shown
through the prophets that only a remnant
would be worthy of this honor, and that
all of nominal Israel were not the real
Israel referred to in his promise.
Paul is justifying God's course and
showing that since it is a favor that he is
about to grant, and not a justice (a privilege
of sharing with Messiah in the great
work of dispensing still other favors and
blessings), he had a perfect right to do
what he chose with his favors. God had
a perfect right, had he so chosen, to have
selected only a part of Israel to honorable
service in his great cause and a part to a less
honorable share, or to no share at all, even
if they had been all exactly alike, and all
equally adapted to his work and equally
pliable to the moulding influences he exerts
through his truth, his providences,
etc. He had already shown his right in
this direction in the choice of Isaac to be
of the line in which the blessing should
come, and the rejection of Ishmael's line
or family. Likewise he chose Jacob as
the line instead of Esau, though both were
sons of the same parents and he might
have chosen either line. Nor can it be
claimed that God's choice of Jacob above
Esau, as the line or family through which
he intended to favor and bless the world,
was a choice dependent in any degree
upon character; for God's selection of
Jacob's line was declared before his birth.
And not only has God thus chosen to use
certain persons in his service to honor his
name, but he can select and has at times
selected others for other places, for the illustration
of his power. For instance Pharaoh:
in him God raised to power in Egypt a man
who more than others was a hard and determined
man, that the bringing of Israel
out from a cruel bondage should not only
furnish a just punishment upon Egypt,
but also manifest God's power of deliverance
against all opposition. In addition
God made in the deliverance of Israel
under Moses and the overthrow of Pharaoh
a type of the ultimate deliverance
of all his people under Christ from the
bondage of Sin and the power of the devil,
whom Pharaoh typified.
But though God had the right to make
as absolute selections as those mentioned,
when selecting those whom he will use as
the "promised seed" through whom he
will bless all nations, yet he has not done
so. The selected ones are not entitled to
the honor by reason of ability to do the
work to be done, hence are selected according
to favor (grace); yet there is a
reason why they are selected, namely,
their faith and obedience to the light and
ability enjoyed.
Here, then, we have the proper view of
this passage, and we see the fallacy of
using it to prove that God now makes all
people sinners, vessels of wrath, and by
and by will make all vessels of honor possessed
of everlasting life. The Apostle's
argument has nothing whatever to do with
salvation, but has to do entirely with the
high-calling. The fact that Esau and Ishmael
were used to typify those who fail to
attain the high-calling (Heb. 12:15-17)
has nothing whatever to do with their
chances of attaining life during the Millennium.
And the fact that Pharaoh and
his hosts were used to typify the overthrow
of Satan and his hosts by no means proves
that they will be of those destroyed in
the Second Death. God merely used them
as typical vessels of wrath. They were
already under sentence of death through
Adam, and their day of judgment or trial
for everlasting life will come under Christ's
Millennial reign. They only represented
the real vessels of wrath (those who sin
wilfully after coming to a knowledge of
God's gracious plan in Christ), just as
Moses, Isaac and others were used as the
typical vessels of mercy representative of
those through whom God will manifest
his mercy during the Millennium. The
application of this text, then, as a proof
that God caused any man to sin, is wholly
wrong.
(2) Rom. 8:20.--This passage except
the last two words is well shown in Rotherham's
translation to be a parenthesis,
which, so far as the argument is concerned,
could be omitted, but which is thrown in
as an explanation of the statement of
verse 19. Rotherham translates verses 19,21
(we here omit the parenthesis) thus:
"For the eager outlook of Creation is
ardently awaiting the revealing of the sons
of God, in hope that even creation itself
shall be freed from the servitude of corruption
into the freedom of the glory [or
glory of the freedom] of the children of
God."
Thus seen, the hope is not God's hope,
as some have imagined. Hope is a quality
which belongs to finite creatures. It
would be improper, therefore, to say that
God subjected the world (creation) to
frailty, in hope that he could do something
for them. God never hopes: he knows.
Where perfect knowledge exists, there is
no more room for hope.
How beautifully simple the connection
between verses 18 and 21 when this word
"hope" connects them, and the remainder
of verse 20 is recognized as a parenthesis.
For long years all creation has
been waiting and longing for relief from
pain and death, and dreaming of a
"Golden Age," when all things will be
desirable. Life-giving balms, elixirs of
life and healing springs have, for long
centuries, had their places in the fictions
which expressed the longing hope of the
groaning, dying world. And still "hope
springs perennial in the soul;" men are
still longing and hoping amid their groanings
for "a better day coming." Some
look for it in one way, and some in another;
but very few are looking in the
right direction. Nevertheless, what they
are groaning for and hoping for is coming,
and, as the Apostle declares, will
come at the manifestation of the sons of God
who are now being chosen--the Church.
What, then, is the meaning of the 20th verse
as a parenthesis, without the words
in hope--"(For Creation was not made
subject to vanity [frailty] voluntarily, but
by him who put it under)"--? It is now
very simple and easily understood. Mankind,
longing and hoping for a better state
of things, for deliverance from bondage
to pain and death, did not voluntarily
choose this dying state, but got into it by
some one else's act. By whose act did they
come into this condition of trouble, this
bondage of corruption, from which they
are longing to be free? Paul answers:
I have already answered this question
(Rom. 5:12) and declared that it was by
the act of Adam that all mankind became
subject to death, the bondage of corruption.
So, then, nothing in this passage supports
the theory that God compelled the
sin, under the penalty of which creation
groans--quite the contrary.
(3 and 4) Isa. 45:7 and Amos 3:6.--
These passages teach the same thing.
But notice that they do not speak of sin,
but of evil. Sin is always an evil, but
evil is not always a sin. A great trouble,
disaster or calamity is an evil, but not a
sin. As illustrations of the two kinds of
evil (sin and calamity) mentioned in the
same connection and in contrast notice
Jer. 19:3, and 36:3. See also
Isa. 47:10,11.
God's dealings with the Jewish nation
were in many respects similar to what his
dealings will be with the world in general
during the Millennial age. Those nations
and individuals who seek to make progress
and to obey the Lord will be blessed,
and others will be chastised. Thus God
dealt with Israel, his typical kingdom.
If the people of any city or tribe got into
a state of idolatry or other gross sin,
God would send a plague or other chastisement
for their correction. But so long
as they endeavored to walk in God's statutes,
he preserved them. This was in accordance
with the Covenant he had entered
into with them at Sinai. Read carefully
Leviticus, 26th chapter, throughout, for a
detailed enumeration of the calamities
(evils) which God declared would follow
their neglect of his laws, and for the
blessings which he promised if they
should obey them.
It was with reference to those calamities
(evils) which came upon Israel, that our
Lord spoke to them through Isaiah and
Amos. He would not have them lose the
lesson. They should know, and he here
tells them, that he brought the evil upon
them purposely; that no matter what accidental
evils might happen to other nations,
no accident could occur in their
case. He would carry out his part of the
Covenant with them to the last--every
blessing, and every evil, just as promised.
Now, with this view of these texts,
which cannot be disputed, is it not evident
that they do not support the blasphemous
claim that God is the author of
sin? We think that all candid minds will
concede this, and we write for none other.
With Paul we say, "Let God be true
(righteous) though it prove all theories to
the contrary to be falsehoods." If there
is one thing above another which every
well balanced heart and head should rejoice
in, it is justice. To attempt, by such
teaching as that referred to, to rob God
of this quality is sacrilege of the vilest sort,
and blasphemy the most atrocious.
Yet this is what is done by those who
claim that he is the author of sin, and
that man is merely his dupe. If we so
believed how could we worship God, or
how trust him for the future? If capable
of perpetrating so great an injury to mind
and body as we see sin to be, might he
not be unjust enough to try it again in the
future? If we believe that God unpityingly
caused all the misery of the present
time, needlessly and causelessly, and without
its being merited by mankind as a
penalty, how could we feel certain of any
good thing for the future? If man was
not the sinner--if God was the sinner
and man merely his tool--God has been
guilty not only of injustice, but of fraud,
hypocrisy and lying. For God has declared
man the sinner, he has declared
that he doth not willingly afflict the children
of men, and that it is our sins that
have separated between us and him, and
that the only way in which he could receive
us back was by ransoming us. He
therefore sent his Son, who died for our
sins and who rose for our justification.
But if the theory we are criticizing be true,
God was the only sinner and the only one
who needed to be justified.
But why proceed to argue on this line
further? God's dealings, promises and
threats, revealed in Scripture, everywhere
recognize man as having a free will, a will
which God refuses to coerce. Else why
promise, exhort and threaten? What
avail would threats or promises be to men
if they were mere machines, overmastered
and compelled by God to do right or
wrong irrespective of their own will or
choice. It is because man has a will of
his own that experience can profit him.
If man has not a free will (if God now
forces him to sin and will by and by force
him to righteousness), then the past six
thousand years of sin and trouble were
utterly useless, for experience could be of
no value to a creature who has not a will
of his own.
Our confidence, on the contrary, is,
that because man has a free will, the sad
plight of sin and death, with all their train
of consequences, will, through God's
abundant mercy in Christ (through his
two fold work--ransom and restitution),
result in the full appreciation of both
good and evil, right and wrong, to the
end that so many as will choose to do
right may live and be blessed
everlastingly.
----------
"THE tongue of a fool is the key of his
counsel, which, in a wise man, wisdom
hath in keeping."
----------
"WHOEVER makes the truth appear unpleasant,
commits high treason against
virtue."
Is laid for your faith in his excellent Word.
What more can he say than to you he hath said,
You who unto Jesus for refuge have fled."
AND DID NOT PAY HIS
PENALTY FOR HIM.
FOR ITS EXISTENCE?
--[Continued from 8th page.]--